Empowering Posyandu Cadres: Psychoeducation on the Psychological Role of Parents in Preventing Childhood Stunting
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Stunting affects approximately 149 million children globally, with Indonesia reporting 24% prevalence in 2022. Inappropriate parenting practices and parental psychological factors significantly contribute to stunting. This community service aimed to enhance community knowledge about the psychological role of parents in stunting prevention through psychoeducation intervention.
Methods: Participatory Action Research (PAR) method was employed involving 20 posyandu cadres from Pagesangan sub-district, Surabaya. The intervention consisted of a 90-minute psychoeducation session, accompanied by leaflet distribution. The research stages included intake process, assessment, psychoeducation implementation, and evaluation. Pre-test and post-test assessments were administered verbally to measure knowledge changes.
Results: Significant knowledge improvement was observed. Pre-test showed 85% of participants understood stunting only as malnutrition, while post-test revealed 100% could comprehensively explain stunting as multifaceted growth failure. All participants (100%) demonstrated improved understanding of psychological factors including psychosocial stimulation, parenting practices, and maternal mental health. Knowledge about stunting risks increased substantially, with all participants identifying cognitive, motor, and verbal developmental impairments. Follow-up assessment indicated 93% of participants disseminated information to their communities and 80% implemented preventive measures in posyandu activities.
Conclusion: Psychoeducation effectively increased community knowledge about parental psychological aspects in stunting prevention. This community-based approach can be implemented to reduce stunting rates through empowering posyandu cadres as health information disseminators.
Article Details
How to Cite
References
1. Hikmah H, Harini N, Rahmawati P, Hikmah Z, Tannia, Ifadhoh L, et al. Permasalahan Anak Pendek (Stunting). JPM: Jurnal Pengabdian Mandiri. 2022 Apr;1(4). https://doi.org/10.53625/jpm.v1i4.1995
2. Ruswati, Leksono A, Prameswary D, Pembajeng G, Inayah, Felix J, et al. Risiko Penyebab Kejadian Stunting pada Anak. Jurnal Pengabdian Kesehatan Masyarakat: Pengmaskesmas. 2021 Dec;1(2). https://doi.org/10.31849/pengmaskesmas.v1i2/5747
3. Laily LA, Indarjo S. Literature Review: Dampak Stunting terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak. HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development). 2023 Jul 18;7(3):354–64. https://doi.org/10.15294/higeia.v7i3.63544
4. Purbaya A. Angka Stunting di Indonesia 24,4%, BKKBN: Melebihi Standar WHO. detik.com. 2022 Mar.
5. Ginanjar D. Kasus Stunting di Surabaya Tembus 1.100 Anak. jawapos.com. 2022 Oct.
6. Widyastuti W, Herny Misnita, Yulinda Aswan. Evaluasi Dampak ASI Non-Eksklusif dan Gaya Pengasuhan Nutrisi terhadap Risiko Stunting Anak di Komunitas Nelayan Medan Labuhan. INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi. 2025 Dec 20;4(6):1557–68. https://doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v4i6.6712
7. Ghimire U, Papabathini SS, Kawuki J, Obore N, Musa TH. Depression During Pregnancy and the Risk of Low Birth Weight, Preterm Birth and Intrauterine Growth Restriction- an Updated Meta-Analysis. Early Hum Dev. 2021 Jan;152:105243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105243
8. Rachmah DN, Zwagery RF, Azharah B, Azzahra F. Psikoedukasi Mengenai Stunting pada Anak dan Peran Pengasuhan Orangtua untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Mengenai Stunting. Altruis: Journal of Community Services. 2022 Apr 27;3(1):8–13. https://doi.org/10.22219/altruis.v3i1.18390
9. Ernawati A. Gambaran Penyebab Balita Stunting di Desa Lokus Stunting Kabupaten Pati. Jurnal Litbang: Media Informasi Penelitian, Pengembangan dan IPTEK. 2020 Dec 29;16(2):77–94. https://doi.org/10.33658/jl.v16i2.194
10. Bima M, Hutabarat D, Syahfitri N, Manurung S. Kajian Literatur tentang Upaya Pencegahan Stunting Anak melalui Imunisasi dan Asupan Gizi. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan. 2024;10(7). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064179
11. Metasari AL, Mufida YI, Aristin SI, Dwilucky BA, Wulandari AT, Agustina N, et al. Sosialisasi Bahaya Pernikahan Dini sebagai Upaya Konvergensi Pencegahan Stunting di SMA Negeri 1 Ngoro. Budimas: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat. 2022 Jun 11;3(2). https://doi.org/10.29040/budimas.v4i2.5422
12. Nugroho MR, Sasongko RN, Kristiawan M. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia Dini di Indonesia. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. 2021 Mar 19;5(2). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.1169
13. Saripah S. Anak Penderita Stunting dan Psikologis Orang Tua: Kajian di Desa Teluk, Batanghari. JIGC (Journal of Islamic Guidance and Counseling). 2022 Jun 30;6(1):29–48. https://doi.org/10.30631/jigc.v6i1.63
14. Khoiron K, Rokhmah D, Astuti N, Nurika G, Putra D. Pencegahan Stunting Melalui Penguatan Peran Kader Gizi dan Ibu Hamil Serta Ibu Menyusui Melalui Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation (PHAST). ABDIKAN: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bidang Sains dan Teknologi. 2022 Feb 22;1(1):74–80. https://doi.org/10.55123/abdikan.v1i1.128
15. Lucko J. Centering Community Voice and Knowledge through Participatory Action Research. Mich J Community Serv Learn. 2024 Apr 26;30(1). https://doi.org/10.3998/mjcsl.4287
16. Chrifou R, Anselma M, Christens BD, Israel BA, Jurkowski JM, Perkins DD, et al. Actualizing child and adolescent empowerment in participatory action research for health promotion: a six-element framework. Int J Adolesc Youth. 2024 Dec 31;29(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2024.2354907
17. Lestari MA, Santoso MB, Mulyana N. Penerapan Teknik Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) dalam Menangani Permasalahan Sampah. Prosiding Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat. 2021 Feb 9;7(3):513. https://doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v7i3.29752
18. Di Lorenzo R, Dardi A, Serafini V, Amorado MJ, Ferri P, Filippini T. Psychoeducational Intervention for Caregivers of Adolescents and Young Adults with Psychiatric Disorders: A 7-Year Systematic Review. J Clin Med. 2024 Nov 21;13(23):7010. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237010
19. Chan HM, Ho KHM, Pang RCK, Chan HYL. Strategies and Factors to Enhance Active Participation of Family Caregivers of People with Dementia in Psychoeducation: A Scoping Review. Dementia. 2024 Feb 13;23(2):272–91. https://doi.org/10.1177/14713012231220231
20. Stover J, Avadhanula L, Sood S. A Review of Strategies and Levels of Community Engagement in Strengths-Based and Needs-Based Health Communication Interventions. Front Public Health. 2024 Apr 9;12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1231827